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Timeline of young people's rights in the United Kingdom
The timeline of children's rights in the United Kingdom includes a variety of events that are both political and grassroots in nature.
The UK government maintains a position that the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) is not legally enforceable and is hence 'aspirational' only, although a 2003 ECHR ruling states that, "The human rights of children and the standards to which all governments must aspire in realising these rights for all children are set out in the Convention on the Rights of the Child."〔Extract from ''Sahin v Germany'', Grand Chamber judgment of the ECHR, 8 July 2003, as quoted in ("4. Memorandum from Allan Levy QC and Peter Newell" ), Joint Committee on Human Rights. Retrieved 18 July 2008.〕 Eighteen years after ratification, the four Children's Commissioners in the UK (including those for the three devolved administrations) have united in calling for adoption of the Convention into domestic legislation, making children's rights recognised and legally binding.〔(2008) (UK Commissioners' Special Report to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child ). UK Commissioners. p 34. Retrieved 29 June 2008.〕
Opponents of children's rights often raise the objection that rights must entail responsibilities.〔Travis, A. ("Children's jail staff given wider powers of restraint" ), ''The Guardian'', London, 19 June 2007..〕 The children's rights movement asserts rather that children have rights which adults, states and the government have a responsibility to uphold.〔Adtunji, J. ("Prisons: Child secure units still use adult restraint methods, says inspector" ), ''The Guardian'', London, 9 July 2008..〕 Overall, a 2008 report stated that there had been no improvement in children's rights in the UK since 2002.〔(2008) (UK Commissioners' Special Report to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child ). UK Commissioners. p 4. Retrieved 29 June 2008.〕 Warning that there is a "widely held fear of children and young people" in the UK, the report says: "The incessant portrayal of children as thugs and yobs" not only reinforces the fears of the public but also influences policy and legislation."〔(2008) ''(UK Commissioners' Special Report to the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child )''. UK Commissioners. p 33. Retrieved 29 June 2008.〕 The report does not address the question of the degree to which the fear of uncontrolled children in the UK is justified.
The UNCRC defines children, for the purposes of the Convention, as persons under the age 18, unless domestic legislation provides otherwise. In that spirit, this timeline includes as children all those below the UK age of majority, which was 21 until 1970, when it was reduced to 18. Although the Crown Dependencies of the Isle of Man, Guernsey and Jersey are not constitutionally part of the UK, the British government is responsible for their external affairs and therefore for their international treaty obligations, so this timeline includes some references to matters in those dependencies.
==Pre-19th century==
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